SEGA-Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma

SEGA or sub ependymal giant cell astrocytomas are WHO grade I tumours often belived to have arisen from sub ependymal nodules. They grow into the ventricles and are often near the Foramen of Munro. They may remain asymptomatic or as they slowly enlarge produce obstructive hydrocephalus.

CT findings- are iso or heteroeintense with grey matter and enhance with contrast. Often larger than 1 cm

MR findings- 

• T1 : heterogenous and hypo to iso intense to grey matter 
• T2 : heterogenous and hyper intense to grey matter ; calcific components can be hypo intense
• T1 C+ (Gd) : can show marked enhancement

 Treatment options: Surgical resection . May sometimes recur if not fully resected.

Everolimus is a drug which has shown to reduce the size of SEGA's.

It acts by inhibiting the m TOR complex 1which are normally inhibited by the TSC1 and TSC 2 gene missing in tuberous sclerosis.